The 1st Combat Service Group, Service Command, Fleet Marine Forces was activated on 1 July 1947 at Pearl Harbor, Territory of Hawaii, and later relocated to Camp Pendleton, California in July of the same year. In August 1950, the group was deployed to Kobe, Japan, and then to Inchon, Republic of Korea, in September 1950 where it was assigned to the 1st Marine Division.

The group played a crucial role in the Korean War from September 1950 to May 1953, assisting in various operations and campaigns. After the war, the unit was reassigned to the Fleet Marine Force in August 1951 and later to the 1st Marine Division in October 1951. In May 1953, the group was relocated back to Camp Pendleton, California, and reassigned to Fleet Marine Forces.

The unit underwent several re-designations throughout its history. It was renamed as 1st Combat Service Group, Fleet Marine Forces on 30 December 1955, and then as 1st Force Service Regiment, Fleet Marine Forces on 1 March 1957. In February 1967, the group was deployed to the Republic of Vietnam, and re-designated as 1st Force Service Regiment, Force Logistic Command, Fleet Marine Forces, and assigned to III Marine Amphibious Force. During the Vietnam War, the unit provided critical support to the Marines on the ground and played a vital role in various operations.

After the Vietnam War, the group was re-designated as 1st Force Service Regiment, Fleet Marine Forces on 23 April 1971 and relocated to Camp Pendleton, California. The unit underwent another re-designation on 30 March 1976 as 1st Force Service Support Group, Fleet Marine Forces, and participated in several operations, including Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm in Southwest Asia from September 1990 to April 1991.

The 1st Force Service Support Group continued its service and humanitarian efforts and participated in Operation Restore Hope from December 1992 to February 1993, providing aid and assistance to the people of Somalia. In January 2003, the group was deployed to Kuwait to support Operation Enduring Freedom and participated in Operation Iraqi Freedom from March to October 2003, February 2004 to February 2005, February 2006 to February 2007, and February 2008 to February 2009.

On 21 October 2005, the group was re-designated as 1st Marine Logistics Group (MLG) and participated in various operations, including Operation Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan, from March 2010 to 2011 and from February 2012 to September 2012. Elements of the group also participated in Operation Enduring Freedom from January 2014 to December 2014, and in Operation Inherent Resolve, in Iraq and Syria, from August 2014 to 2019.

Currently, the 1st MLG is composed of approximately 7,000 Marines and Sailors, and consists of Combat Logistics Regiment 1, Combat Logistics Regiment 17, 1st Supply Battalion, 1st Maintenance Battalion, 7th Engineer Support Battalion, 1st Medical Battalion, and 1st Dental Battalion. The mission of the 1st MLG is to provide tactical logistics support beyond the organic capabilities of supported elements of the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) and to provide task organized Logistics Combat Elements (LCEs) in support of MAGTF operations. The Marine Corps is continually assessing and adapting its force design to meet evolving threats and challenges, and the 1st Marine Logistics Group will play a crucial role in supporting future operations of the MEF.